变形的单词变形的单词是什么
变形的单词有:transform,distort,deform。变形的单词有:transform,deform,distort。词性是:动词。注音是:ㄅ一ㄢ_ㄒ一ㄥ_。结构是:变(上下结构)形(左右结构)。拼音是:biànxíng。变形的具体解释是什么呢,我们通过以下几个方面为您介绍:一、词语解释【点此查看计划详细内容】变形biànxíng。1._谋湓吹男翁2._晌巍3._蚴芡饬ψ饔茫锾逍巫锤谋洹二、引证解释⒈改变原来的形态。引《后汉书·夏馥》:“_馥_乃自翦须变形,入林虑山中,隐匿姓名,为冶家佣。”唐段成式《酉阳杂俎续集·寺塔记下》:“今堂中尉迟画颇有奇处,四壁画像及脱皮白骨,匠意极险。又变形三魔女,身若出壁。”许地山《狐仙》:“你知道狐狸可以变形和真的一样。”⒉对原来事物的扭曲,亦指被扭曲过的事物。引朱自清《<文心>序》:“中学生读书而只取其思想,那便是将书里的话用他们自己原有的语汇等等重记下来,一定是相去很远的变形。”孙犁《澹定集·读作品记(五)》:“但要说这都是新的东西,美的追求,心中又并不以为然。仍有不少变形的,狂态的、非现实的东西。”⒊物理学名词。物体受外力作用而产生体积或形状的改变。三、国语词典人的外貌或物品的形状、格式产生变化,有异于原先的形态。如:「塑胶物品遇火容易变形。」四、网络解释变形(汉语词语)变形,是指(1).改变原来的形态。(2).对原来事物的扭曲,亦指被扭曲过的事物。(3).物理学名词。物体受外力作用而产生体积或形状的改变。地面景物的面积、轮廓与其他景物之间的距离、角度等统称景物形状的几何性质。由于地球是一个不规则的曲面,要把这样一个曲面表现到平面上,就会发生裂隙和重叠。关于变形的近义词变样走样扭曲变幻关于变形的诗句像云一般变形而随风消逝变形潜蛰枯树枝它象变形虫一样游着关于变形的成语变颜变色得意忘形匿迹潜形土木形骸分形同气妖形怪状潜形匿迹变脸变色鬼形怪状关于变形的词语分形同气匿迹潜形义形于色刳形去皮得意忘形鬼形怪状土木形骸妖形怪状潜形匿迹关于变形的造句1、分析了一例低压拱顶油罐的负压变形事故,探讨了其产生的原因,介绍了处理方法,提出了改进措施。2、听说不买变形金刚了,他就倒在地上哭得要死要活。3、冲击载荷能量的积累,造成涂层试样硬度变化和塑性变形。4、对于身材变形,可以说多数生育孩子后都不可避免,这可以慢慢恢复,对于气色,在于日常调整,这也不是什么问题,关键是人的心态,如果一个人失去正常健康的生活动力和心态,自己先否定自己,这就很难挽救了,因为你从否定自己起,已经想放弃可以重新自信魅力的机会和选择5、伸展褶皱是张性盆地区构造变形的重要组成部分,其分布相当普遍,多属于与正断层相关的褶皱。点此查看更多关于变形的详细信息
有没有柴油机方面的英文文章3000字左右,有汉语翻译最好
看看这个行不行嘛。柴油机电控技术阐述-技术论文-佳工机电网
柴油机电控技术阐述
云南交通职业技术学院 张爱山
摘要:介绍了柴油机电子控制技术的发展状况、控制原理和应用特点及高压共轨技术的工作原理、研究方向、应用前景。
关键词:柴油机电控技术;高压共轨技术;应用前景
1 柴油机电子控制技术的发展状况及发展趋势
1.1柴油机电子控制技术的发展状况
柴油机电子控制技术始于20世纪70年代,20世纪80年代以来,英国卢卡斯公司、德国博世公司、奔驰汽车公司、美国通用的底特律柴油机公司、康明斯公司、卡特彼勒公司、日本五十铃汽车公司及小松制作所等都竞相开发新产品并投放市场,以满足日益严格的排放法规要求。
由于柴油机具备高扭矩、高寿命、低油耗、低排放等特点,柴油机成为解决汽车及工程机械能源问题最现实和最可靠的手段。因此柴油机的使用范围越来越广,数量越来越多。同时对柴油机的动力性能、经济性能、控制废气排放和噪声污染的要求也越来越高。依靠传统的机械控制喷油系统已无法满足上述要求,也难以实现喷油量、喷油压力和喷射正时完全按最佳工况运转的要求。近年来,随着计算机技术、传感器技术及信息技术的迅速发展,使电子产品的可靠性、成本、体积等各方面都能满足柴油机进行电子控制的要求,并且电子控制燃油喷射很容易实现。
实际上,柴油机排气中CO和HC比汽油机少得多,NOX排放量与汽油机相近,只是排气微粒较多,这与柴油机燃烧机理有关。柴油机是一种非均质燃烧,可燃混合气形成时间很短,而且可燃混合气形成与燃烧过程交错在一起。通过分析柴油机喷油规律得到:喷入燃料的雾化质量、汽缸内气体的流动以及燃烧室形状等均直接影响燃烧过程的进展以及有害排放物的生成。提高喷油压力和柴油雾化效果、使用预喷射、分段喷射等可以有效的改善排放。
经过多年的研究和新技术应用,柴油机的现状已与以往大不相同。现代先进的柴油机一般采用电控喷射、高压共轨、涡轮增压中冷等技术,在重量、噪音、烟度等方面已取得重大突破,达到了汽油机的水平。随着国际上日益严格的排放控制标准(如欧洲Ⅳ、Ⅴ标准)的颁布与实施,无论是汽油机还是柴油机都面临着严峻的挑战,解决的办法之一是采用电子控制燃油喷射的技术。现在,柴油机电子控制技术在发达国家的应用率已达到60%以上。
Electric control technology on diesel engine - technical papers - good koki grid
Diesel electric control technology of
Traffic Yunnan Vocational and Technical College Ai Shan
Abstract: The introduction of the diesel engine electronic control technology development, control theory and application features and high-pressure common-rail technology works, research direction, application prospects.
Key words: diesel engine electronic control technology; high-pressure common-rail technology; application prospects
One diesel engine electronic control technology development status and development trend
1.1 diesel engine electronic control technology development
Electronically controlled diesel engine technology started in the 20th century, 70s, 80s since the 20th century, the United Kingdom Lucas company, Robert Bosch GmbH of Germany, Mercedes-Benz Motor Company, American General Detroit Diesel Corporation, Cummins Inc., Caterpillar Inc., Japan 50 Ling Motor Co. and Komatsu Ltd. are competing to develop new products and market to meet the increasingly stringent emissions regulations.
Because diesel engines have high torque, high-life, low fuel consumption and low emissions characteristics of diesel engine vehicles and solving the energy problem of construction machinery the most realistic and most reliable means. Therefore the use of diesel engines has become an increasingly widespread, more and more quantity. At the same time, the power of diesel engine performance, economic performance, emission control and noise pollution are also getting higher and higher. To rely on traditional mechanical control fuel injection system has been unable to meet the above requirements, but also difficult to achieve fuel injection quantity, injection pressure and injection timing fully functioning in accordance with the best working condition requirements. In recent years, with computer technology, sensor technology and information technology is developing rapidly, so that the reliability of electronic products, cost, size, etc. to all diesel engines to meet the requirements for electronic control and electronically controlled fuel injection easy to achieve.
In fact, diesel exhaust CO and HC than gasoline engines much less, NOX emissions and gasoline engine similar to, but more exhaust particles, which is related to diesel engine combustion mechanism. Diesel is a non-homogeneous combustion, combustible mixture formed a very short time, and combustible gas mixture formation and combustion process interlaced together. Diesel Fuel Injection through the analysis of the law to be: the atomization of fuel injected into the quality of the gas flow inside the cylinder and combustion chamber shape, etc. directly affect the progress of the combustion process, as well as the generation of harmful emissions. Improve atomization of diesel fuel injection pressure and the effect of the use of pre-injection, such as sub-jet can effectively improve the emissions.
After years of research and new technology applications, diesel engine with the past very different from the status quo. Modern diesel engines generally use electric controlled injection, high pressure common rail, turbo-charged in the cold technology, in terms of weight, noise, smoke, etc. has made a major breakthrough, reaching the level of gasoline. With the increasingly stringent international emission control standards (such as Europe, Ⅳ, Ⅴ standard) the promulgation and implementation, whether it is gasoline or diesel engines are faced with severe challenges, the solution is the use of electronically controlled fuel injection technology. Now, the diesel engine electronic control technology developed at the application rate has reached more than 60%.
形变的单词形变的单词是什么
形变的单词有:deform。形变的单词有:deform。注音是:ㄒ一ㄥ_ㄅ一ㄢ_。词性是:动词。结构是:形(左右结构)变(上下结构)。拼音是:xíngbiàn。形变的具体解释是什么呢,我们通过以下几个方面为您介绍:一、词语解释【点此查看计划详细内容】形变xíngbiàn。(1)固体在外力作用下发生的形状或体积的变化。二、引证解释⒈在外力的作用下,固体的形状或体积所发生的改变。基本的形变有拉伸形变、扭转形变、变曲形变和剪切形变。三、国语词典物体形状呈现伸长、压缩、弯曲或扭转等变化。四、网络解释形变凡物体受到外力而发生形状变化谓之“形变”。物体由于外因或内在缺陷,物质微粒的相对位置发生改变,也可引起形态的变化。关于形变的诗句形变随时化遗形变化之游魂幻形变态将胡为关于形变的成语匿迹潜形鬼形怪状变颜变色潜形匿迹变脸变色土木形骸形槁心灰得意忘形分形同气形单影双关于形变的词语形槁心灰土木形骸分形同气匿迹潜形刳形去皮潜形匿迹得意忘形鬼形怪状形单影双关于形变的造句1、当日,机群飞临城区上空,巨大轰鸣声、队形变换的震撼场面引起全城关注。2、小学生的行为心理问题在各个年级间,呈现‘’形变化。3、但对创新表演形式、精神面貌较好、队形变换美观的参赛队伍,评委会在比赛现场打分时适当倾斜。4、结果在平面试件中可观察到三种破坏形式:脆性破坏形式的锥形裂纹和脆性破坏形式的放射状裂纹,以及类塑性形变区。5、第二天,我睁开眼睛的第一件事就是看我的黄豆宝宝。啊!黄豆宝宝变样了,由圆形变成了椭圆形,长大了长胖了,还露出了白白的大肚皮。点此查看更多关于形变的详细信息